Showing posts with label US. Show all posts
Showing posts with label US. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 7, 2013

Is Wal-Mart Losing The Plot?

The US retailer has turned soft on its initial aggressive plans for India. Are infrastructure bottlenecks and a far-from-ideal FDI policy in retail thwarting its growth ambition?

The government’s decision to allow 51% FDI in multi-brand retail and 100% FDI in single-brand retailing, though subject to riders, have brought good tidings for large international retailers eagerly waiting to tap into the estimated $500 billion Indian retail market. But even three months after the announcement of the policy, the Bentonville, US-based Wal-Mart, which has been plying wholesale retail in India since 2009, has not disclosed any concrete plans about how it intends to move forward on capitalising on the new retail regime. The company currently operates only wholesale stores in India via its joint venture with Bharti Enterprises, but it has so far been the most aggressive foreign supermarket operator in India, operating 18 cash-and-carry stores, selling to smaller retailers such as vegetable vendors, hospitals, restaurants and other firms.

The company expects to open its first consumer retail store selling directly to the public in 12-18 months, aiming to turn a profit in 10 years, something it could manage in China only after 12 years, where it operates over 350 stores. As of December 31, 2011, the overall losses of Bharti Walmart totalled Rs 7.65 billion. During the year, it posted over 140% increase in sales y-o-y at Rs 18.76 billion, but its net loss rose 66% to Rs 2.77 billion. The company is targeting $1 billion in sales in India by 2013-14.

According to the Investment Commission of India, the retail sector is expected to reach almost $660 billion by 2015. But instead of seizing on this consumer retail opportunity, the American retail giant finds itself entangled in an unsavoury controversy related to alleged payment of bribes in the country, which is a violation of US anti-bribery laws. The payments involve forking out “facilitation payments”, or “speed money” – or bribes – to advance the process to obtain 40 to 50 government licenses to set up retail stores. The US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes it a crime for US corporations and their subsidiaries to bribe foreign officials to win or retain business abroad.

With allegations flying thick and fast, and to avoid getting sucked into this vortex deeper, the company instituted a probe, which has led to the suspension of its chief financial officer as well as its entire legal team in the country. The development comes at a challenging time for Wal-Mart in the country, with political pressure mounting against the Congress-party’s drive to open up the retail sector to foreign investment.

To compound Wal-Mart’s woes, its investment of $100 million in a domestic unit owned by its wholesale joint-venture partner Bharti Retail is also being investigated by India’s Enforcement Directorate for possible infraction of the country’s foreign exchange rules. Wal-Mart’s investment in Bharti Retail has come under the scanner amid allegations that the former may have entered India’s front-end multi-brand retail business surreptitiously two-and-a-half years before the government actually permitted foreign investors in the sector.
 

Source : IIPM Editorial, 2013.
An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri
 
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Tuesday, April 30, 2013

HPV; worse than HIV!

If you’re reading this, there is an 80% possibility that you may have already contracted or will contract the deadly Human Papilloma Virus, which is the root cause for many fatal cancers in both sexes. Spreading awareness should be the top priority in the HPV saga!

In the mainstream medical fraternity, HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) is widely considered as the most threatening among all Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs); as a consequence, there’s little dramatics given to the alarming rise in incidence of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), which can match the former in scale, intensity and fatality.

Gabrielle Doewney, a consultant gynecologist at BMI, the Priory Hospital in US, opined, “Around 30% of the female population is HPV positive at any one time, and 80% of all women will contract strains 16 or 18 (the ones that can/lead to cervical cancer) at some point over their sexual life.” In 90% of the cases, the immune system fights off the fatal strains of the virus naturally and normalises its effect in around two years. However, in cases when the immune system fails to clear the virus naturally – mostly due to continued exposure to HPV – the same can then lead to diseases like genital warts and more alarmingly, cervical and some other types of cancer.

A general estimate is that a woman can be infected seven times in her lifetime starting from the year after she starts to have sex. Prof. Sean Kehoe, gynecological cancer specialist for UK Charity Well being of Women, has stated that HPV infects men as well and “[the infection rate] is more than likely equivalent between the genders.” There are over 100 subtypes of HPV, but the ones that are causes for concern are subtypes 6 and 11 that cause genital lumps and 16 and 18 that cause cervical cancer in women and many other types of cancer in both sexes.

Unlike HIV or Syphilis, HPV can be contracted even with the use of condoms as it spreads through any form of genital skin-to-skin contact! Even though it has not yet been accorded epidemic stature, certain estimates say that around 288,000 women are likely to die because of the disease by this year end. As per Center for Disease Control and Prevention figures, around 20 million people in America carry this virus (2005 figures) with another 6 million people getting infected each year. The incubation period for HPV ranges from a few weeks to a full year. What is even more ominous is that the strains of HPV that cause cancer do not get detected early, as the symptoms are not visible until advanced stages. Worse, there is no general test for men or women to check their ‘HPV status’. This fact makes HPV even deadlier than perceived.

According to the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, more than 5,000 women in US die due to HPV infection every year. Further, HPV is the cause for not just almost all kinds of cervical cancers, but also an overwhelming majority (80%) of vaginal cancers and anal cancers. And that’s not all. Dr. Nigel Carter from the British Dental Health Foundation opines that HPV will cause more oral cancer deaths than smoking in the next decade!

A vaccine has been developed for girls and medical practitioners are extensively advising boys to also take the shot too, as one of the main reasons women contract HPV is because men living with HPV have no qualms in having unprotected sex.
 

Source : IIPM Editorial, 2013.
An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri
 
For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles
 

Saturday, April 20, 2013

“India is the single-most important defence partner for US”

William H. Avery, who served in the US diplomatic service as an Economic Officer, is a master at trade development and commercial advocacy, and is a three-time recipient of the US State Department's Meritorious Honour Award. A prolific writer on international affairs, Avery tells Mayank Singh how India needs to start thinking beyond just Pakistan and China and take interest in building a strong military base in the Asian region. India has the potential, he says!

B&E: Asia is constantly represented on the international fora and its position is factored-in by different countries in their policy making. Your assessment?
William H. Avery (WAH):
All the action is in this part of the World. We are seeing a shift of economic activity, which will be followed by military activity and military strength from the trans-Atlantic to the Pacific region, including China and India and all the regions that fall in-between. With regard to the subcontinent, principally, India and China are the places that are going to be significant. US also because it is a continent with 300 million people. So I think a new structure is emerging where there are three potential centres of power – US, India and China.

B&E: You have been talking of India becoming a superpower. Yet, you say that it will have to ‘achieve’ this position. What shortcomings on India’s part do you observe here?
WAH:
I think India has many natural advantages. It has a demographic advantage. It has skill base, which is not just a technological skill base. What is missing in India is a recognition of how you build power in this World which requires military and economic strength, not just at home but overseas. And it requires a willingness to use power. If you look at India’s experience with Sri Lanka, it is very instructive. I think Rajiv Gandhi knew that for India to get to the next level, it had to be willing to play a strong regional role. But the problem is that when the LTTE assassinated Rajiv, India withdrew. So what you had for the past 20 years was not only India not becoming a global power but also failing to become a regional power! Another element is a kind of obsession with Pakistan. Pakistan, a barely functioning State, is quite clever in a way to bring India down to its level. India fell into that trap. And it was with the advent of the Indo-US Nuclear deal that India began to rise above it and perhaps only because of India’s economic growth was it was able to pull away from Pakistan. So some things are beginning to happen. But India needs to take a more activist approach to becoming a strong military power.

B&E: You have called the withdrawl of the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) from Sri Lanka as India's mistake. Also, you say that it should have been redeployed after the unfortunate assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. Your thoughts...
WAH:
I do feel it was a mistake. I understand why it was made. And it is always easy to go back 20 years and look at it in retrospect, but the fact that a country allowed a former prime minister to be assassinated on its own soil and then nearly asked for the extradition of the assassins is pretty amateurish. And there’s nothing we can do to change that. However, it should serve a lesson. We should look at it critically and make sure that India does not make the same mistake again. I think the IPKF episode was one that pushed back India’s emergence as a global power by many years. However, it should be acknowledged that India did recover by 1998 – the series of nuclear tests was a huge step forward. So where India has been conventional in defence matters or rather meek, its nuclear diplomacy and its nuclear policy have been much stronger.

B&E: Do you see a bigger ploy of China in keeping India busy with Pakistan while increasing its arsenal and technological knowhow and economic opportunities, and then using them as pressure tactics?
WAH:
It could be a Chinese strategy. I don’t know whether it is a conscious strategy or not. Having said this, I believe that India should not remain busy with Pakistan because there is a much wider world out there. The cross-border terrorism issue is significant and has to be monitored by India. At the same time however, India’s emergence as a global power will not come true if the Indo-Pak equation remains the key agenda on the diaries of India’s foreign policy agents for ever.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2013.
An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri
For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles
 

Monday, April 15, 2013

B&E Indicators

A bumpy road ahead?

The world economy is set to slow down in 2011, as government and central bank policies are tightened and key developed markets go through a deleveraging process. While both US & Europe are trying to avert a financial collapse, Japan has already lapsed back into recession after a devastating natural disaster. Considering this, IMF projects the world growth at around 4% in both 2011 and 2012, down from over 5% in 2010.

The Japanese effect pulls down averages

World trade has come under pressure in recent months, due to the tightening of interest rates in emerging markets and the disruption to production experienced as a result of the Japanese earthquake. The disaster disrupted supply chains not only within Japan but also internationally, particularly in the automotive sector. However, economists expect this to be a temporary blip, as opposed to a long term drawn out affair.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.
An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri
 
For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles
 
2012 : DNA National B-School Survey 2012
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Saturday, April 13, 2013

B&E This Fortnight

INTERNATIONAL
BUSINESS, ECONOMY & FINANCE
Hello moto!


In a move that will instigate its full fledged entry into the telecommunications hardware business, the global search giant Google is set to buy Motorola Mobility for a staggering $12.5 billion. If approved, this will be Google’s most expensive acquisition ever. The deal will boost Google’s mobile OS – Android. Since its launch in 2007, Android has been installed in 150 million devices. Further, more than 550,000 devices join the Android ecosystem daily through a wide network of 39 manufacturers and 231 carriers spread over 123 countries. It’s an all cash deal where in Google will be paying $40 a share – a 63% premium. The deal will put Google in the competition zone with Apple, Nokia and Research in Motion, resulting in significant competitive advantage. The deal is supposed to close by end of this year or early 2012 subject to regulatory approvals in the US and EU. Even after the deal, the Android platform will remain open source as Google plans to operate Motorola Mobility as a separate business entity. The mobile major currently holds around 17,000 patents and the deal will enable Google to better protect Android from anti-competitive attacks from Microsoft, Apple, and other companies. The development will create phenomenal synergies that would enhance the Android ecosystem.

AIG sues BofA
American International Group (AIG) has filed a $10.5 billion lawsuit against Bank Of America (BofA) over the sale of residential mortgage backed securities that are allegedly marred by fraud, misrepresentation and omission. The claim, which is one of the largest to raise its head in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, blames BofA and its subsidiaries to have issued defective mortgages to borrowers who were not in position to repay, packaged them into supposedly low risk securities and sold $28 billion worth to AIG using offering documents that misrepresented the quality of the loans. Despite the huge losses incurred from the collapse of the mortgage market, very few claims have been filed over the past three years. Last year, Goldman Sachs paid $550 million to settle allegations from Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for its alleged fraud in marketing of mortgage backed securities called Abacus, which the company did not admit doing.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.
An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri
 
For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles
 

Tuesday, April 2, 2013

Time to unleash the green growth

Be it climate change, water scarcity, biodiversity loss, or ecosystem degradation; green economics can weave together these strands. According to ‘TEEB’ report, ecosystem delivers essential services worth $21 to $72 trillion a year while the commercial opportunities in natural resource sector alone could be between $2.1-6.3 trillion by 2050. The implication: green and growth can go hand in hand.

Seeking Competitive Gains
Given the prevailing environmental and economic challenges, countries and corporations have come up with policies and strategies in order to shift towards cleaner and greener business practices along with green innovation. The International Energy Agency (IEA) is of the view that greener business practices will have important economic pay-offs in terms of resource efficiency. IEA estimates that 17% (approximately $46 trillion) increase in energy investment is required globally between 2010 and 2050 to deliver low-carbon energy systems, which will consequently yield a cumulative fuel savings worth $112 trillion. As a competitive factor, companies are seeking competitiveness gains through clean and green technology investment.

Environmetnal Challenges

OECD, in its recent report, states that the impact of economic activity on environmental systems are creating imbalances which are putting economic growth and development at risk. As a matter of fact, existing loss of biodiversity and degradation has already had dramatic consequences for business; soil erosion in Europe is estimated to cost 53 euro per hectare per annum. A 2007 report of the World Bank estimated that the cost of excessive use of groundwater in China was in the range of 0.3% of GDP (the cost fell largely on the agriculture sector). The TEEB 2010 report estimates the annual economic loss caused by introduction of agricultural pests in the US, UK, India, Brazil et al to be more than $100 billion.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.
An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri
and Arindam Chaudhuri (Renowned Management Guru and Economist).

For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles

Wednesday, December 12, 2012

Those spaceships are long lost!


The IT bubble burst long back, and with it, did many fortunes...

The last decade of 1990s was a dream run for internet start-ups, and anything even faintly related to “.com” syndrome would be lapped by investors like hot cakes, without paying much heed to what the company does or the kind of potential it holds. This was where the bubble began, and this was in itself responsible for its bursting! It began in 1995, peaked on March 10, 2000 when the NASDAQ reached 5,048.62 points before bursting... During this entire period, the stock markets of US and other western countries saw the bulls in total control, especially with regards to the Internet and technology companies. Moreover, most of the Internet companies that were aggressive during these times were financed either by VCs or IPOs. And when this bubble burst, there was mayhem at the stock markets. What triggered the burst of this bubble was a massive multi-billion dollar simultaneous sell order from leading technology companies such as Dell, Cisco and IBM. Though it is said that this initial sell-off was just a coincidence, but it was too strong for investors at the NASDAQ to handle. Between March 2000 and October 2002, the Internet and technology companies shed a whopping $5 trillion in market value!

Different analysts have their own reasons as to what led to the crash-landing. Some say that it was a result of the ‘irrational crowd behavior’ that led people to believe that there was substantial value to be made in this field of business. Others however feel that this was a result of lack of information about this new domain, and their inability to ascertain the asset value, which drove rational people to commit this mistake. According to Rob Enderle, Technology Analyst, “The Dot com bubble burst, because it was feeding frenzy on Internet stocks and investments without any adequate financial controls or acceptable business practices. Folks acted like they were going to be measured on how much money they could spend in the shortest period of time.” Another opinion points out that the business model that these Internet companies followed at that time was flawed. 


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.
An Initiative of IIPM, Malay Chaudhuri

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Wednesday, November 28, 2012

It pays to love George Bush!

Sans Bush, the nuclear pact would not have happened; it marks a paradigm shift in US's India policy

I will not term what has transpired as a Nuclear deal between India and US as a mere pact. It is, in fact, a process that has led to the end of international sanctions against nuclear commerce with India. These sanctions came into force when the US passed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act in 1978 and thereafter norms were set up for the 45-member Nuclear Supplier Group (NSG). Apart from ending India’s nuclear isolation and clearing the way for easier exchanges of technology pertaining to nuclear energy and other dual use technology items; the NSG clearance has now given us the opportunity to cooperate with countries like France and Russia so that we can expedite our moves towards energy security and self–reliance in the development of our indigenous fast breeder reactors.

Now, it is not just something that moves us into close cooperation with the US. Readers should remember that the Americans have not built any new reactor since 1982. Secondly, US firms like Westinghouse are not all American. The other prominent firm General Electric is there, and has shown a readiness on part of the US to treat India and deal with India as a serious partner.

I would say that the shift is extremely significant, having negotiated with the US on nuclear issues for four years, both in Delhi and Washington, between 1976-1980, at the time when US sanctions were coming into place. I never thought I would see such a paradigm shift in our relationship with the US during my lifetime.

The deal went ahead despite the efforts of China to equate India with Pakistan with regard to the nuclear sanctions. It was part of the greater Chinese policy to contain India. Transfer not just of conventional weapons but also nuclear weapons designs and technology to Pakistan is a part of this policy.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Sunday, October 28, 2012

ISRAEL: CONSENT BUILDING INITIATIVES

Israel is hell bent in changing its image in the global community and is taking up a new PR excersise

And if it still fails to convince the audience then blame the “terrorist” Hamas for the bloodshed. Above all, portray Israel as a victim of Hamas terror. The idea is to convince audience that Israel invaded Gaza to bring peace and prosperity in the region and dismantling of Islamist Hamas was a must.

Coming to Iran, Israel – a nuclear-armed country – is using every possible PR tools to mould world opinion, and encourage the US to destroy its nukes. And if it can’t do that Israel should be allowed to attack Iran. But there are roadblocks as public perception in the US and elsewhere is not in favour of another war. To overcome this perception the reports suggest to “Establish the connection between Iran and “Iran-backed Hamas” and “Iran-backed Hezbollah.”

But President Obama is understood to be extremely doubtful that Israel will honour its commitment over settlements. The report suggests a way out of this quagmire. It cites three ineffective arguments that Israeli officials often make in defence of settlements: the Religious Argument, the Ownership Argument and the Scapegoat Argument. The report tries to change this perception. It says: Continually establish the connection between Iran and “Iran-backed Hamas” and “Iran-backed Hezbollah.”

The fact of the matter is that Israel has always managed to sway the global media on its side. More often than not, only Israel’s side of the story is presented in the western press. And the irony is that many in the free Indian media republishes them without cross checking.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

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Friday, October 12, 2012

KAZAKHSTAN: MR. NUR AND HIS...

A romantic story of Mr.Nur and oil

This move was preceded by the government acquiring the two leading banks and taking over 25% stake in two other NBFCs. There are fears among analysts that within the next year, tenge will further devaluate to $186.315.

Critically, their credit default swap is rising with higher risk of debt default. In the London Stock Exchange, the stocks of Kazakhstan’s mining firms plummeted with devaluation of its currency. As a consequence of plunging oil prices, the government is readjusting its fiscal assumptions on revenue earned from oil at $40 per barrel for 2009, and $50 per barrel for 2010 and 2011. To his credit, Kazakhstan’s fiscal and monetary reserve lies at a huge 42% of GDP, and is quite handsome compared to neighbouring countries. But with public debt at 9% of GDP, and the banking sector on the brink of a gargantuan collapse (despite the government’s $4 billion injection into the system), it must be with a lot of pain Mr.Nur must be realising that the oil mistress has almost but run away. If reports go right, then Nur may soon have to approach the IMF for a bailout package. Ah, with the IMF would come the loaded baggage of the US, and with the US, capitalism and democracy (yes, we’re laughing).


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.

For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.

 
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